The award was established in 1950 as awards to be given by writers to writers with “general fiction” as one of the categories. In the 1980s, there were several awards in the fiction category including hardcover, paperback, first novel or first work of fiction, hardcover children’s fiction, and paperback children’s fiction.
- 2019: Susan Choi Trust Exercise
- 2018: Sigrid Nunez The Friend
- 2017: Jesmyn Ward Sing, Unburied, Sing
- 2016: Colson Whitehead The Underground Railroad
- 2015: Adam Johnson Fortune Smiles
- 2014: Phil Klay Redeployment
- 2013: James McBride The Good Lord Bird
- 2012: Louis Erdrich The Round House
- 2011: Jesmyn Ward Salvage the Bones
- 2010: Jamiy Gordon Lord of Misrule
- 2009: Colum McCann Let the Great World Spin
- 2008: Peter Matthiessen Shadow Country
- 2007: Denis Johnson Tree of Smoke
- 2006: Richard Powers The Echo Maker
- 2005: William T. Vollmann Europe Central
- 2004: Lily Tuck The News from Paraguay
- 2003: Shirley Hazzard The Great Fire
- 2002: Julia Glass Three Junes
- 2001: Jonathan Franzen The Corrections
- 2000: Susan Sontag In America
- 1999: Ha Jin Waiting
- 1998: Alice McDermott Charming Billy
- 1997: Charles Frazier Cold Mountain
- 1996: Andrea Barrett Ship Fever and Other Stories
- 1995: Philip Roth Sabbath’s Theater
- 1994: William Gaddis A Frolic of His Own
- 1993: E. Annie Proulx The Shipping News
- 1992: Cormac McCarthy All the Pretty Horses
- 1991: Norman Rush Mating
- 1990: Charles Johnson Middle Passage
- 1989: John Casey Spartina
- 1988: Pete Dexter Paris Trout
- 1987: Larry Heinemann Paco’s Story
- 1986: E.L. Doctorow World’s Fair
- 1985: Don DeLillo White Noise
- 1984: Ellen Gilchrist Victory Over Japan: A Book of Stories
- 1983: Alice Walker The Color Purple (hardcover)
- 1983: Eudora Welty The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty (paperback)
- 1982: John Updike Rabbit Is Rich (hardcover)
- 1982: William Maxwell So Long, See You Tomorrow (paperback)
- 1981: Wright Morris Plains Song: For Female Voices (hardcover)
- 1981: John Cheever The Stories of John Cheever (paperback)
- 1980: William Styron Sophie’s Choice (hardcover)
- 1980: John Irving The World According to Garp (paperback)
- 1979: Tim O’Brien Going After Cacciato
- 1978: Mary Lee Settle Blood Tie
- 1977: Wallace Stegner The Spectator Bird
- 1976: William Gaddis J.R.
- 1975: Robert Stone Dog Soldiers
- 1975: Thomas Williams The Hair of Harold Roux
- 1974: Thomas Pynchon Gravity’s Rainbow
- 1974: Isaac Bashevis Singer A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories
- 1973: John Edward Williams Augustus
- 1973: John Barth Chimera
- 1972: Flannery O’Connor The Complete Stories
- 1971: Saul Bellow Mr. Sammler’s Planet
- 1970: Joyce Carol Oates Them
- 1969: Jerzy Kosiński Steps
- 1968: Thornton Wilder The Eighth Day
- 1967: Bernard Malamud The Fixer
- 1966: Katherine Anne Porter The Collected Stories
- 1965: Saul Bellow Herzog
- 1964: John Updike The Centaur
- 1963: J.F. Powers Morte d’Urban
- 1962: Walker Percy The Moviegoer
- 1961: Conrad RIchter The Waters of Kronos
- 1960: Philip Roth Goodbye, Columbus
- 1959: Bernard Malamud The Magic Barrel
- 1958: John Cheever The Wapshot Chronicle
- 1957: Wright Morris The Field of Vision
- 1956: John O’Hara Ten North Frederick
- 1955: William Faulker A Fable
- 1954: Saul Bellow The Adventures of Augie March
- 1953: Ralph Ellison Invisible Man
- 1952: James Jones From Here to Eternity
- 1951: William Faulkner Collected Stories of William Faulkner
- 1950: Nelson Algren The Man with the Golden Arm
- 1941: George Sessions Perry Hold Autumn in Your Hand (Bookseller Discovery: Novel)
- 1940: Richard Llewellyn How Green Was My Valley (Favorite Fiction)
- 1939: Dalton Trumbo Johnny Got His Gun (Most Original Book: Novel)
- 1939: Elgin Groseclose Ararat (Bookseller Discovery: Novel)
- 1939: John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath (Favorite Fiction)
- 1938: Daphne Du Maurier Rebecca (Favorite Fiction)
- 1937: Lawrence Watkin On Borrowed Time (Bookseller Discovery: Novel)
- 1937: A.J. Cronin The Citadel (Favorite Fiction)
- 1936: Norah Lofts I Met a Gypsy (Bookseller Discovery: Short Stories)
- 1936: Margaret Mitchell Gone with the Wind (Most Distinguished Novel)
- 1935: Rachel Field Time Out of Mind (Most Distinguished Novel)
- 1935: Charles G. Finney The Circus of Dr. Lao (Most Original Book: Novel)
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